Fig. 5

CS-IGF-1C hydrogel co-transplanted with hP-MSCs enhanced blood perfusion of the injured hindlimb. a Photograph of angiography on day 21 showed the collateral vessels in the ischemic hindlimb. All mice models were in prone position for photos. b Angiography score indicated that treated with hP-MSCs and CS-IGF-1C hydrogel significantly augmented the collateral vessels. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 versus sham; ^##P < 0.01 versus PBS; ^$$P < 0.01 versus hP-MSCs; ^&&P < 0.01 versus hP-MSCs + CS. c Percentage distributions of limb salvage, foot necrosis, and limb loss in each group on day 14