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Fig. 3 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 3

From: Therapeutic angiogenesis using stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: an emerging approach for treatment of ischemic diseases

Fig. 3

The mechanisms of angiogenesis induced by EVs derived from EPCs, CDCs, and CD34+ stem cells in ischemic diseases. EPC-derived EVs promote angiogenesis through upregulating the expression of related transcription factors. CDC-derived EVs are enriched with miR-210, miR-126, and miR-130a, which promote the expression of angiogenic proteins in endothelial cells. EVs derived from CD34+ stem cells transfer miR-126 and miR-130 into endothelial cells to stimulate angiogenesis. “?” represents uncertained functional cargo molecules in EVs. Abbreviation: PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor subunit; ANG-1, angiopoietin-1; VEGFA, vascular endothelial growth factor A; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512