Fig. 5

The effect of insulin on mRNA transcriptome of hiPSCs. a T-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) plot for all the samples with or without insulin. b Ternary plot showing density distribution of the percentage of variances explained by the three major variables, namely treatment (+/− insulin), time (24 h or 72 h), and cell line (hiPSC.1, hiPSC.2, hiPSC.3). For both t-SNE and variance decomposition analysis, all 21,575 mapped genes were used. c The relationship between the log2 fold change and p values in normalized read counts per gene is shown in volcano plots. Genes with a q value < 0.05 are shown in red which are 1161 genes in 24 h and 6753 genes in 72 h time points. d Heatmaps of differentially expressed genes at each time point. Both rows and columns are clustered by unsupervised clustering based on their Manhattan distance