Fig. 7

The effect of MSC + DAC on macrophage polarization is dependent on PPARγ activation. BMDMs were cultured alone (con group) or stimulated by LPS and IFN-γ for 12 h (LPS + IFN-γ group). LPS + IFN-γ-induced macrophages were treated with UC-MSCs (MSC group), decitabine (DAC group), UC-MSCs combined with decitabine (M+D group), or GW9662 (1 μmol/L or 10 μmol/L) for 24 h before coculture with M+D (GW9662 1 μM or 10 μM). a Immunoblotting analysis of macrophages among seven groups. b, c Relative protein levels of PPARγ, iNOS, and Arg-1 are shown. d, e Immunofluorescence and quantification of iNOS and Fizz-1 in macrophages from six groups. Images of a and e are representative of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. f A scheme of IL4R/Stat6 axis controlling alternative (M2) activation. GW9662, PPARγ antagonist