Fig. 4

Effects of PKA inhibitor (H89) on NaCl-induced cell stress in hiPSC-derived RGCs. a Morphology of RGCs treated with 50 mM NaCl with or without 5 μm H89 for 24 and 48 h. b The numbers of cells per low-power field in a were counted and shown in the bar graphs. Means from 3 measurements are shown with SD error bars. *P < 0.05, Student’s t test. c Immunofluorescence staining of axonal markers Thy-1 and MAP2 in RGCs treated for 24 h with NaCl with or without H89. d Immunofluorescence images of RGCs treated for 24 h with NaCl with or without H89 after double staining with TRPV1 and Islet1 (ISL1) antibodies. Cells exposed to NaCl appeared with an enlarged soma, which was ameliorated in the H89-treated group. e The measurement of neuron soma size (area) and TRPV1 expression. Means from 3 measurements are shown with SD error bars. *P < 0.05, Student’s t test