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Fig. 2 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 2

From: The physical microenvironment of hematopoietic stem cells and its emerging roles in engineering applications

Fig. 2

The logistic model of endosteal and perivascular niches in the bone marrow. Multiple factors such as niche cells, cytokines, signals, ECM, and oxygen concentration gradient regulate HSC activities directly or indirectly. HSCs show overall different behaviors between the different subniches. Endosteal niches contribute to the maintenance of LT-HSCs, while vascular niches activate cell cycle and initiate cell proliferation and differentiation. NG2+ arteriolar pericytes in arterioles subniche keep HSCs closing to arterioles in a quiescent state. LepR-expressing perisinusoidal cells are the main source of SCF and CXCL12, which are essential to HSC maintenance or mobilization

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