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Fig. 1 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 1

From: Melatonin promotes the BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by activating the AMPK/β-catenin signalling pathway

Fig. 1

Melatonin enhances BMP9-induced early osteogenic marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in C3H10T1/2 cells. a AdBMP9 and AdGFP are effective in infecting C3H10T1/2 cells. b Melatonin induces ALP activity in C3H10T1/2 cells. c Melatonin cooperates with BMP9 to induce ALP activity in C3H10T1/2 cells. d C3H10T1/2 cells were treated with different concentrations of melatonin. e C3H10T1/2 cells were treated with melatonin (100 μM), AdBMP9 alone or melatonin combined with AdBMP9. f Primary MSCs were treated with melatonin (100 μM), AdBMP9 alone or melatonin combined with AdBMP9. Compared with the control group, ^^p < 0.01 and ^^^p < 0.001; compared with the BMP9 group, *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01

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