Fig. 4
Effect of actin disruption on SOX9 upregulation. a–l Immunofluorescence staining of SOX9 (green) and F-actin filaments (red) in cLIUS-stimulated (5 MHz, 2.5 Vpp, 5 min, 1×) and Y-27632-treated MSCs grown on coverslips (n = 3) at an initial seeding density of 1 × 104 cells/well (n = 3). Non-cLIUS-stimulated MSCs served as control (n = 3). Confocal micrographs were imaged at × 60 magnification. Scale bar represents 20 μm. m The gene expression of SOX9 was evaluated by qRT-PCR in MSCs treated with Y-27632 or stimulated with cLIUS at 14 kPa (5 MHz, 2.5 Vpp) for 5 min (n = 3). Non-cLIUS-stimulated MSCs without Y-27632 treatment served as controls (n = 3). Data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation. Statistical significance was tested by Welch’s test. n Quantification of the actin filament number and length in non-cLIUS-stimulated control, cLIUS-, and Y-27632-treated cells (n = 10) by FilaQuant software