From: Stem cell-derived cell sheet transplantation for heart tissue repair in myocardial infarction
Cell sources | Advantages | Disadvantages |
---|---|---|
Myoblast | The most extensive research | Limited potency of de novo cardiomyogenesis, arrhythmic risk |
Mesenchymal stem cells | Low immunogenicity, no arrhythmia risk, extensive clinical safety experience, and stronger paracrine ability | Limited potency of de novo cardiomyogenesis |
Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes | Strongest de novo cardiomyogenesis ability, convenient for standardized operation protocol, and potential for genetic modification | Trauma formation, limited vascularization, higher possibility of genetic and epigenetic mutations, and arrhythmic risk |
Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes/vascular cells | Convenient for standardized operation protocol, potential for genetic modification, increased survival rate of cell sheets, long-term beneficial outcome, and vascularization | Existence of undifferentiated stem cells or other irrelevant cells and arrhythmic risk |
Cell sheets with omentum flap or preconditioning | Increased survival rate of cell sheets, long-term beneficial outcome, and vascularization | Higher possibility of genetic and epigenetic mutations during preconditioning and side effects after application of omentum flap |