Fig. 2

New alveolar bone formation observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. A Representative images (40×) of new alveolar bone at 1, 2, and 4 weeks. NB, new alveolar bone; Col, collagen membrane; D, mandibular first molar tooth; black arrows, coronal limit of the defect; red arrows, apical limit of the defect. H1: Masson staining of GMSC-CM group (200×), H2: Masson staining of PDLSC-CM group (200×). B Statistical analysis of the area percentage and height of new alveolar bone in bone defects at 4 weeks. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. control groups; NS, no statistical significance