Fig. 4From: Hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells prevent renal fibrosis and inflammation in ischemia-reperfusion ratsConditioned medium from 1%O2 hMSCs inhibit TGF-β1-induced fibrotic changes in HK-2 cells strongly. a Western blot analysis of phosphorylated Smad2 (pSmad2) in HK-2 cells stimulated with TGF-β1 for 30 min. Graph shows densitometric analysis of the pSmad2 expression level normalized to the Smad2 expression level. b Western blot analysis of α-SMA in HK-2 cells stimulated with TGF-β1 for 48 h. Graph shows densitometric analysis of the α-SMA expression level normalized to the α-tubulin expression level. Data are means ± S.D. #P < 0.01, *P < 0.05 (one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test)Back to article page