Fig. 5

Functionality of ES-derived insulin-producing cells upon LSD1 inhibition. a Experimental design of the figure. b Representative immunofluorescent staining of insulin-producing cells for dapi (blue), insulin (red) in control, and LSD1 shRNA groups. c Flow cytometry of C-peptide and NKX6.1 expression in control and TCP groups and d proportion of cells co-expressing both markers at the end of differentiation. e Insulin secretion levels for control or TCP-treated stem cell-derived β cells during sequential rounds of glucose and KCl challenge. Insulin secretion levels were normalized to total insulin content for each sample. Stimulation indexes were calculated as a ratio of insulin secretion at high glucose (20 mM) relative to the basal secretion (2.8 mM glucose). e Flow cytometry of SOX9 expression in the control and TCP-treated differentiating progenitors and f quantification of the ratio of SOX9⁺ cells at the end of stage 4. Data represent mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, two-sided student’s t test (n = 3 biologically independent samples per group)