Fig. 5

MSC-Exo inhibited NIH after carotid injury in vivo. a Evans blue staining analysis of the re-endothelialization of EC in the injured right CCA of the indicated rats at 2 weeks and 4 weeks (n = 6/group) (magnifications, × 40; scale, 200 μm). The black arrows indicate nonendothelialization area. b Quantitative analysis of the re-endothelialized areas of the indicated groups. c H&E and Masson staining analysis of the formation of neointimal hyperplasia in the indicated rats at 2 weeks and 4 weeks (n = 6/group) (magnifications, × 40; scale, 200 μm). The black arrows indicate collagen area. d Quantitative analysis of the intimal/media ratio, e the neointimal area, f the media area and g the collagen area of the indicated groups. h Immunohistochemical staining analysis of the expression of α-SMA, CD31 and vWF in the indicated rats (magnifications, × 100; scale, 50 μm). The black arrows indicate. Quantitative analysis of the relative i α-SMA⁺, j α-CD31⁺ and k vWF⁺ areas in the indicated rats; data were normalized to the sham group. Representative immunofluorescence images show the expression of l CD31 and m vWF in the indicated rats (magnifications, × 40; scale, 200 μm). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001. All figures represent the average of three sets of independent experiments