Fig. 5

Noggin and DKK1 countervail the PD promotion effect on the total TAZ protein, and Noggin further increases the expression of p-TAZ protein. hBMSCs were cultured in OIM with 30 μM PD for 3, 7, and 14 days, and the same amount of PBS was used in the control group. a, b Both Noggin and DKK1 attenuated the changes of TAZ protein in these time points. c, d However, DKK1 did not alter p-TAZ protein expression. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 versus the PD group at the same time point, correspondingly