Skip to main content
Fig. 1 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 1

From: SHP2 mutations induce precocious gliogenesis of Noonan syndrome-derived iPSCs during neural development in vitro

Fig. 1

Defective early neural development of NS-iPSCs. a Schematic protocols for the neural differentiation of human iPSCs. b Aberrant maintenance of EBs derived from NS-iPSCs. NS-iPSCs normally formed EBs but showed impaired morphologies at day 4 during EB incubation, which was inconsistent with the WT-EBs. Scale bar, 200 μm. c Failure of NS-EBs to develop into NRs. NS-EBs failed to differentiate into neural rosettes. Expression of NR markers was abnormal in the NS derivatives. Blue color indicates nuclei stained with DAPI. Scale bars, 200 μm (bright field images) and 20 μm (fluorescence images). d Decreased transcription of neuroectodermal genes in the NS derivatives. Transcriptional level of neuroectodermal genes (PAX6, ZIC1, SOX2, SOX, OTX2, and CDH2) were significantly reduced in the NS derivatives. The relative expression levels are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3). e Increased activity of p-SHP2, p-ERK, p-SMAD1, and p-SMAD2 in the NS-EBs. The relative band intensities are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3). p values were determined using an unpaired Student’s t test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Abbreviation: WT, wild-type; NS, Noonan syndrome; hiPSCs, human induced pluripotent stem cells

Back to article page