Author | Year | ClinicalTrials.gov identifier | Design of the study | Enrollment | MSCs type | MSCs doses | Timing of infusion | Inductions | Maintenance immunosuppressants | Positive outcomes | Negative outcomes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment group | Control group | |||||||||||
Tan et al. [10] | 2013 | NCT00658073 | Single-center, prospective RCT | 159 | Autologous | Two injections (1–2 ×  106 cells/kg) | D0, D14 | MSCs | Basiliximab | Steroids, MMF, 80% or standard dose of CNIs | Reduced AR rate at 6 months, decrease risk of viral infections | Comparable DGF rate, renal graft function, graft survival rate |
Pan et al. [11] | 2016 | NM | Single-center, prospective, nonrandomized pilot study | 32 | Donor-derived | Two injections (5 × 106, 2 × 106 cells/kg) | D0, D30 | MSCs + Cytoxan (200 mg/day D0–3) | Cytoxan (200 mg/day D0–3) | Steroids, MMF, 60% or standard dose of CNIs | CNI sparing | Comparable serum creatinine, urine protein, urinary RBC, urinary WBC, and AR rate |
Sun et al. [12] | 2018 | NCT02490020 | Multi-center prospective RCT | 42 | Allogeneic | Two injections (2 × 106 cells/kg, 5 × 106) | D0 | MSC + ATG (50 mg/day D0–2) | ATG (50 mg/day D0–2) | Steroids, MMF, CNIs | Not observed | Comparable DGF rate, renal graft function, graft survival rate, and AR rate |
Erpicum et al. [13] | 2019 | NCT01429038 | Single-center, nonrandomized, controlled trial | 20 | Allogeneic | One injection (1.5–3 × 106/kg) | D3 ± 2 | MSCs+Basiliximab | Basiliximab | Steroids, antimetabolite, CNIs | Increased Tregs at D30 | Comparable B cell frequencies, opportunistic infections, renal graft function, graft survival rate, and AR rate |