Fig. 1

MSC WT and TNFR2 KO characterization. a MSCs WT showed normal spindle-shaped fibroblast-like appearance (passage 3) (× 4) while MSCs TNFR2 KO exhibited a more heterogeneous morphology (passage 3) (× 4). b Flow cytometry analyses of the surface expression of CD45, CD34, CD44, CD105, CD73, CD90, and SCA1 in MSCs WT and TNFR2 KO (passage 3). Both MSC populations were negative for CD45 and CD34 and positive for the rest of the markers studied. The dark gray histograms represent isotype controls. Data are representative of n = 6 in 3 independent experiments. c Osteogenic differentiation: both MSCs WT and TNFR KO (passage 3) were incubated in osteogenic differentiation medium for 17 days followed by Alizarin Red S staining (× 4). d Adipogenic differentiation: both MSCs WT and TNFR2 KO (passage 3) were incubated in adipogenic differentiation medium for 21 days followed by Oil Red O staining (× 4)