Fig. 3

Antioxidant preconditioning increases the intrahepatic engraftment of ADSCs in vivo. a Schematic illustration of the intravenous administration of Cm-dil labeled ADSCs with or without antioxidant pretreatment. b Representative images of Cm-dil labeled ADSCs (scale bar, 20 μm). c The distribution of ADSCs in major organs including the heart (i), liver (ii), spleen (iii), lung (iv), and kidney (v) after cell transplantation for 1 h, 4 h, 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days, respectively. d The hepatic retention of ADSCs after cell transplantation for 7 days (scale bar, 20 μm). e The fluorescence intensity of ADSCs after cell transplantation for 7 days (n = 3 per group; *p < 0.05). ADSCs, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells; G-ADSCs, ADSCs pretreated with reduced glutathione; M-ADSCs, ADSCs pretreated with melatonin