Fig. 1

Trilineage differentiation and immunophenotyping of human SF-, SM-, and BM-MSCs. a Chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs was visualized by using Alcian blue staining of pellets cultured for 28 days in chondrogenic medium (TGF-β1). Osteogenic differentiation was induced in monolayer MSCs cultured for 14 days with osteogenic medium, and calcium deposits were highlighted using alizarin red staining. For adipogenic differentiation, MSCs were cultured in monolayers in specific medium for 21 days, and lipid droplets were observed using oil red staining. Scale bars = 200 μm. b Immunophenotyping of MSCs was assessed at the end of the monolayer second passage (P2) in the expansion medium. Data are presented as the mean of positive cells ± SEM. Please note that the percentage scale is not similar on both plots