Fig. 4

Prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) enhances cellular senescence in trabecular bone of female mouse offspring. a Representative images of senescence associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining in femoral metaphysis from 2-, 4-, and 6-week-old female offspring. 2W, 4W, and 6W represent 2-, 4-, and 6-week-old mice, respectively. Sections were counterstained with eosin (pink color). Scale bar, 30 μm. b Quantitative analysis of the number of SA-β-Gal⁺ cells per tissue area in metaphyseal bone below growth plate. c Representative images of immunofluorescence staining for Ki67 (green) and d quantitative analysis of the number of Ki67⁺ cells in femoral metaphysis from 2-, 4-, and 6-week-old female offspring. DAPI stains nuclei blue. Scale bar, 50 μm. Data are represented as mean ± S.E.M. *P < 0.05 versus control (n = 7 per group, Student’s t test)