Fig. 3
From: Current progress in stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus
Generation of IPCs from adult stem cells. Adult pancreatic stem cells may be a potential source of IPCs. Functional IPCs have been generated from pancreatic ductal cells and NIPs isolated from adult islets. During embryogenesis, the liver and pancreas arise from common endoderm progenitors. Liver cells can transdifferentiate into IPCs by ectopic expression of pancreatic transcription factors. Additionally, a high pluripotent cell population termed HLSCs can also produce IPCs in vitro. Bone marrow-derived stem cells show the capacity to generate insulin cell clusters