Fig. 3
From: Pluripotent stem cell differentiation as an emerging model to study human prostate development
Summary and proposal of prostate differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells. Human ESC/iPSC can respond to TGFβ signaling pathway to differentiate into definitive endoderm, from which there are two paths to generate prostate organoids: mimic the prostate development process (from definitive endoderm to hindgut stage by WNT and FGF signaling pathways, then to UGS by certain signals, and eventually to prostate organoids by AR and other signaling pathways; or direct to bladder urothelial cells by RA, and then transdifferentiate into prostate organoids