Fig. 2

The effects of overexpressing TGFβ1 on the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of mMSCs. a The effects of overexpressing TGFβ1 on the proliferation of mMSCs. The growth curves of the cells after transduction for 7 days were evaluated by CCK-8 assay (n = 3; *p < 0.05 vs. mBM-MSC-NCs). b The effects of overexpressing TGFβ1 on the multipotential differentiation of mMSCs. Calcium deposition (top), accumulation of neutral lipid vacuoles (middle), and polysaccharide accumulation (bottom) were detected respectively, × 200. c The effects of overexpressing TGFβ1 on the horizontal migration of mMSCs. The wound areas were photographed at 0 and 12 h and quantified by measuring the wound area in each group, × 100 (n = 3). d The effects of overexpressing TGFβ1 on the vertical migration of mMSCs. The migrated cells on the lower surface of Transwell inserts were stained with crystal violet and measured under a light microscope from four randomly chosen areas, × 100 (n = 3). CCK-8, Cell Counting Kit-8; mMSCs, mouse mesenchymal stem cells; NC, normal control