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Fig. 4 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 4

From: Transcriptional profiling reveals altered biological characteristics of chorionic stem cells from women with gestational diabetes

Fig. 4

Decreased ALDH activity and increased cellular ROS level in GDM-CMSCs. a–c Expressions of ALDH1A1, ALDH2, and ALDH3B1 were validated by real-time PCR with 10 Healthy- and 11 GDM-CMSCs samples. Gene expression levels were normalised to GAPDH and presented as fold change by comparing G-CMSCs to H-CMSCs using the 2^-(ΔΔCt) method. d ALDH activity colorimetric assay of ALDH enzymatic function in Healthy- and GDM-CMSCs. Results obtained from 6 independent experiments in duplicate. GDM-CMSCs showed reduced ALDH activity compared to Healthy-CMSCs. e Real-time PCR of Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress pathway genes; NQO1 and SOD2 were significantly reduced in GDM-CMSCs. Gene expression levels were normalised to GAPDH.f ROS production determined by DCFDA staining (green). Representative fluorescent images of the ROS level are shown from 3 independent experiments at different time points and imaged by confocal microscopy. Scale bar 100 μm. g Time-course measurement of ROS production measured by fluorescent intensity. The initial fluorescence intensity at 0 min was set at 100%. Results obtained from 6 independent experiments in triplicate. h, i H-CMSCs and GDM-CMSCs ALDH function inhibited by 100 mM DEAB. ALDH enzymatic functions were examined and ROS generation evaluated by DCFDA fluorescent intensity. All error bars in this figure are presented as mean ± SEM. Student’s t test was used for statistical significance, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

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