Fig. 1

Characterization of hMSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). a Bone marrow-derived hMSCs express the common MSC markers CD73, CD90, and CD105 and are negative for the hematopoietic markers CD45, CD340, CD11b, CD19, and HLA-DR (green curve, antibody stained sample; gray curve, isotype control). b Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of sEVs. c Representative nanoparticle tracking analysis histogram shows the size distribution of sEVs. d Western blot analysis of two different isolations of hMSCs’ sEVs (EV1 and EV2) and hMSCs (cell) shows that EVs contain the EV markers CD63 and flotillin-1 and are absent from the mitochondrial protein Tom-20 and ER protein Grp94. e Flow cytometry of sEVs bound to CD63 beads shows that sEVs are positive for the tetraspanins CD9, CD63, and CD81 (red curve, antibody stained sample; blue curve, isotype control)