Fig. 1

Cytoprotective effect of preconditioning in an oxidative stress-induced model (0.25 or 0.5 mM H₂O₂). HC016 cells had higher cell survival capacity than hASCs. a ROS generation was induced by H₂O₂ and measured every 10 min for 1 h. Histogram shows that ROS levels were attenuated in HC016 cells. b Measurements of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release at 24- and 48-h post-stimulus showed that HC016 cells exhibited a significant reduction in LDH release at all post-stimulus times analyzed. c Quantitation of cells undergoing early and late apoptosis. d Representative graphs of annexin V/PI assay performed by flow cytometry. Annexin V−/PI− represents live cells, annexin V+/PI− early apoptosis, annexin V+/PI+ late apoptosis, and annexin V−/PI+ necrosis. Experiments were performed at least in triplicate in three independent experiments. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05