Fig. 4

Expression of key marker genes at each stage of the hepatocyte differentiation. a Definitive endoderm markers. b Hepatic progenitor markers. c Hepatocyte markers. Left panel, heat maps. The expression data are the average of three replicates in log2 scale and color-coded as shown in the scheme at the top. Right panel, bar graphs. The expression values are relative to the starting induced pluripotent stem cells (average = 1). DE_SM, definitive endoderm derived using small molecules; DE_GF, definitive endoderm derived using growth factors; HP_SM, hepatic progenitor derived using small molecules; HP_GF, hepatic progenitor derived using growth factors; HLC_SM_D17, hepatocyte-like cells derived using small molecules at day 17; HLC_SM_D24, hepatocyte-like cells derived using small molecules at day 24; HLC_GF, hepatocyte-like cells derived using growth factors