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Fig. 2 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 2

From: Optical mapping of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte graft electrical activity in injured hearts

Fig. 2

Reliable detection of host and hESC-CM graft electrical activity by simultaneous di-2-ANEPEQ and GCaMP3 imaging. A representative cryoinjured heart with GCaMP3+ hESC-CM graft tissue (RUES2 line) imaged before, during, and after perfusion with di-2-ANEPEQ. a Still image depicting the epicardial surface of this heart as acquired on the GCaMP3 (“green”) channel. White and yellow dotted lines indicate the boundaries of the cryoinjury zone and hESC-CM graft tissue respectively, and four ROIs have been selected representing viable host (H1), injured host (H2), and two distinct graft regions (G1 and G2). b Mean GCaMP3 fluorescence activity from ROIs identified in a, acquired before, during, and after di-2-ANEPEQ perfusion. In this case, both graft regions were uncoupled from the host and from each other, so GCaMP3 fluorescence transients occurred independently of the applied stimuli (black trace below panel d). c Corresponding still image on the di-2-ANEPEQ (“red”) channel. d Simultaneously acquired di-2-ANEPEQ fluorescent signals from these same ROIs before, during, and after di-2-ANEPEQ perfusion. Black arrowheads indicate graft-derived oAPs, seen superimposed over smaller amplitude oAPs from underlying host tissue. e, f Representative activation maps for graft tissue in this same heart based on di-2-ANEPEQ (e) and GCaMP3 (f) optical signals. Activation time (in ms) is expressed relative to the first active site within the ROI on a given channel. Note the two graft regions activated independently but have been displayed with the same activation time scale

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