Table 1 Summary of studies’ characteristics
Author | Patient, n | Age, intervention | Age, control | Disease stage | Source of SCs | Isolation of SCs | Preparation of SCs | Expansion of SCs | Intervention, hips | Control, hips | Cell counts | Outcome measure | Follow-up, year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chang et al. [19] | 8 | 35.7 (19–43) | II/IIIA | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | BMSCs+decalcified bone matrix | DMEM/F12 with 10% autoserum | CD+BMSCs, 8 | CD, 8 | 2 × 106 | Collapse of femoral head | 2 | |
Gangji et al. [20] | 60 | 50.8 ± 13.2 | 51.1 ± 10.6 | I/II | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | Isolate MSC from BM aspirate | Differentiate and expand osteoblastic cells ex vivo | CD+marrow-derived osteoblastic cells, 30 | CD+BMAC, 30 | 20 × 106 | THR | 3 |
Gangji et al. [31] | 19 | 42.2 ± 2.6 | 45.7 ± 2.8 | I/II | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | No | No | CD+BMSCs, 13 | CD, 11 | 92.6 ± 22.4 × 107 | Collapse of femoral head, THR, survival of hips | 5 |
Hauzeur [24] | 38 | 48.0 ± 2.8 | 49.7 ± 3.2 | III | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | No | No | CD+BMSCs, 23 | CD+saline injection, 23 | 19.45 ± 3.51 × 106 | Collapse of femoral head, THR, survival of hips | 2 |
Hauzeur (2019) | 53 | 50 ± 12 | 51 ± 10 | I/II | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | No | No | CD+BMSCs, 26 | CD+osteoblastic cell, 27 | 9.2 ± 9.5 × 106 | Collapse of femoral head, THR | 3 |
Hernigou et al. [23] | 125 | 36 (18–54) | I/II | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | No | No | CD+BMSCs, 125 | CD, 125 | 9.0 ± 2.5 × 104 | Collapse of femoral head, THR | 25 | |
Ma et al. [27] | 39 | 35.60 ± 8.05 | 34.78 ± 11.48 | I/II/III | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | Bone marrow buffy coat seeded on the cylindrical bone before implantation | No | CD+autologous bone graft+bone marrow buffy coat, 25 | CD+autologous bone graft, 24 | 3 × 109 | Collapse of femoral head, THR | 2 |
Mao [34] | 55 | 34.60 (11.50) | 36.12 (11.34) | I/II/IIIA | Autologous peripheral blood | Centrifugation | G-CSF at a dosage of 10 μg/kg for 4 days | No | Porous tantalum rod implantation+targeted intra-arterial infusion of PBSCs, 48 | Porous tantalum rod implantation, 41 | 2.47 ± 0.5 × 108 | Collapse of femoral head, THR, survival of hips | 3 |
Pepke et al. [25] | 24 | 44.3 ± 3.4 | 44.5 ± 3.3 | II | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | No | No | CD+BMAC, 11 | CD, 14 | Not mentioned | Survival of hips | 2 |
Rastogi et al. [28] | 40 | 34.67 ± 7.02 | 33.0 ± 7.71 | I/II/III | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | No | No | CD+marrow-derived mononuclear cells, 30 | CD+unprocessed bone marrow, 30 | 1.1 × 108 | Collapse of femoral head, THR | 2 |
Ramesh et al. [29] | 40 | Not mention | I/II | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | No | No | CD+marrow-derived mononuclear cells, 26 | CD, 25 | 5 × 108 | Survival of hips | 2 | |
Tabatabaee et al. [26] | 18 | 31 ± 11.4 | 26.8 ± 5.8 | I/II/III | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | No | No | CD+BMAC, 14 | CD, 14 | 5 ± 2 × 108 | THR | 2 |
Zhao [30] | 100 | 32.7 ± 10.5 | 33.8 ± 7.70 | I/II | Autologous BM | Centrifugation | No | Proliferation in vitro for two weeks | CD+BMMSC, 53 | CD, 44 | 2 × 106 | THR | 5 |