Fig. 6

Histological evaluation of angiogenesis and cell proliferation in fat grafts. a CD31⁺ capillaries were stained and identified at 15, 30, and 90 days post-transplantation. Black arrowheads indicate blood vessels. b, c Quantitative analysis of b vessel diameters and c capillary densities among the different treatment groups. Note: Significantly larger vascular diameters and increased vessel densities were shown in the hADSC^modVEGF group. d Representative Ki67 stainings on paraffin sections of fat grafts at 15, 30, and 90 days post-transplantation. e Analysis of cell proliferation activity using Ki67⁺ stainings. Scale bars = 20 μm. Error bars showed means ± SD. (*p† < 0.05, **p† < 0.01, ***p† < 0.001)