Fig. 1

Cytokine priming enhances the ability of MSC-conditioned media (MSC CM) to suppress T cell proliferation. a ConA-stimulated T cell proliferation assay with resting and primed MSC CM (representative example). Gating strategy and Expansion Index (EI) of viable CD4⁺ T cells cultured with media conditioned by resting or primed MSC. b Summary graph of ConA-stimulated CD4⁺ T cell proliferation and c viability in the presence of resting or primed MSC CM. Wilcoxon signed-rank test, mean ± SD of 6 independent samples are reported, (*) represents p ≤ 0.05