Fig. 2

Cytokine priming increases MSC-sEV release. a Particle concentration and size distribution of resting and primed MSC CM. Curves represent the average of 6 independent samples. The gray box indicates small EV (sEV)-sized particles (< 200 nm) as defined by ISEV. b Quantity of sEV-sized particles in resting and primed MSC CM. c Particle concentration and size distribution of EVs collected by filtration and ultracentrifugation of resting and primed MSC CM (curves represent average of 6 independent samples, gray box highlights sEV-sized particles). d Quantity of sEV-sized particles in EVs collected from resting and primed MSC CM. e Heatmap of vesiculation genes differentially expressed upon MSC priming. Samples 1, 2, and 3 are from pediatric MSC donors and the rest from adult MSC donors. Data represents fold change relative to resting MSC. Increased expression (red) and reduced expression (green) are shown on a log2-based scale. Wilcoxon signed-rank test, mean ± SD of 6 independent samples are reported, (*) represents p ≤ 0.05