Author (year) [ref] | Scaffold material | Cells | Results from each study’s best scaffold for ASC delivery | Duration in vivo | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
In vitro | In vivo | ||||
Wu et al. (2017) [33] | aPLGA + bOEG9 | ASCs | Most cells are viable and proliferate after 3 days The cells adhere to the scaffold | Increased vascularization Host cells invade the scaffold Positive stain for CD31+ cells and VEGF | 4 weeks |
Zhang et al. (2017) [34] | aPLGA | dASCs | Cells are viable and adhere to the scaffold Cells form lipid droplets and express adipogenic genes | Increased vascularization Fat formation surrounded by a thin fibrotic capsule No necrosis or inflammation Positive staining for CD31+ cells and vWF | 12 weeks |
Cho et al. (2005) [35] | Fibrin gel + cbFGF + dPGA + ePLLA | dASCs | Cells proliferate in the scaffold Cells form lipid droplets | The implant did not shrink at visual inspection Fat formation | 6 weeks |
Hong et al. (2006) [36] | Gelatin sponge | dASCs | Cells proliferate in the scaffold Cells form lipid droplets | Increased vascularization Human dASCs found after 4 weeks Fat formation (40% of histological section is newly formed fat tissue) | 4 weeks |
Dhillon et al. (2019) [37] | fMGC-gRGD | ASCs | Cells are viable and metabolically active Cells express angiogenic genes Cells have normal morphology | Cells are retained inside the scaffold Increased vascularization | 2 weeks |
Jing et al. (2007) [23] | Alginate | dASCs | Cells form lipid droplets Cells express adipogenic genes and proteins | The grafted dASCs and scaffold are visually like adipose tissue Increased metabolic activity of dASCs during the first week Fat formation and adipogenic gene expression | 8 weeks |
Storck et al. (2017) [38] | jPu-fibrin + fat flap | dASCs | n/a | Fat formation Neotissue originates from the host | 12 weeks |