Fig. 1

Exos-IL6 inhibit macrophage activation. a Electron microscopy analysis of vesicles secreted by hUC-MSCs (scale bar = 100 nm). b The particle size of the vesicles secreted by hUC-MSCs was measured by NanoSight analysis. c Exosome-specific markers TSG101 and CD63 and CD81 were measured by western blot analysis. d Exosome abundance in hUC-MSC medium with (Exos-IL6) or without IL-6 (Exos-NC). e PKH26-labeled exosomes were coincubated with macrophages and examined by confocal microscopy (scale bar = 20 μm). f Exos-IL6 were added to macrophages to detect inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in cell culture media. GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IL, interleukin; MIP-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1; IP-10, interferon-inducible protein-10; MDC, macrophage-derived chemokine; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; TNF-ɑ, tumor necrosis factor. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (error bar) of at least three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001