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Fig. 3 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 3

From: AICAR and nicotinamide treatment synergistically augment the proliferation and attenuate senescence-associated changes in mesenchymal stromal cells

Fig. 3

Effects of AICAR, NAM, and AICAR+NAM treatment on markers of apoptosis and cellular apoptosis. a Immunofluorescence staining of the study groups at P10, for Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3. The nuclei were visualized using DAPI (blue fluorescence). AICAR and NAM treatments decrease pro-apoptotic proteins, Bax, and Caspase-3 and increase the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2 (scale bar = 100 μm). b Representative data of Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 immunofluorescence, calculated as the number of positive cells per the total number of cells. Each bar indicates mean ± SD. c Flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V assay (*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001; ****p < .0001). Abbreviations: AICAR, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide; NAM, nicotinamide

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