Fig. 5
Involvement of TNF-α and IL-10 in the osteogenic activity of MSC treated with CM from anti-inflammatory macrophages. aRUNX2, COL1A1 and ALPL mRNA levels in MSC treated or not (−) for 48 h with CMM+ that had been incubated or not (−Ab) with TNF-α or IL-10 neutralizing antibody (Ab). Data are relative to those measured in untreated MSC, which were given an arbitrary value of 1. ALP activity (b) and alizarin red staining and quantification (c) in MSC treated or not with CMM+ and further incubated in osteogenic medium (OM) for 14 (b) or 21 (c) days. Data in c are relative to those measured in untreated MSC incubated in growth medium (GrM), which were given an arbitrary value of 100. *p < 0.05 between the indicated conditions