Fig. 4
Improvement in the hDPSC-treated CXMDJ model observed by histological examination. a Cross-sectional magnetic resonance images (MRI) in the lower leg muscles of a 7-month-old normal dog, untreated CXMDJ (control DMD), hDPSC-treated (hDPSC-DMD), and IL-10-hDPSC-treated CXMDJ (IL-10-hDPSC-DMD). Muscle necrosis and inflammation based on the sequence of T2-weighted imaging of the lower legs for each dog were comparable (R, right side; L, left side, left/right asymmetry). b The averaged signal-to-noise ratios (Ave SNR) were calculated in the regions of interest (ROIs) from all muscles (n = 14) derived from each hindlimb of 2-month-old (before transplantation) and 7-month-old dogs (after transplantation). Data are presented as mean ± SD, and statistical differences between normal vs. control DMD (****P < 0.0001), hDPSC-DMD vs. IL-10-hDPSC-DMD (##P < 0.01) are indicated; ns, not significant, one-way ANOVA. c Weight of skeletal muscle (n = 16) from 1-year-old normal dog, untreated CXMDJ (control DMD), hDPSC-treated (hDPSC-DMD), and IL-10-hDPSC-treated CXMDJ (IL-10-hDPSC-DMD) shown as dot plots. Median values are presented as black bars. d Muscle fiber areas (μm2) measured from the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle of 1-year-old control DMD, hDPSC-DMD, and IL-10-hDPSC-DMD dogs by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Each fiber area is indicated by a dot, and the average fiber area is described as a red bar for each muscle. In total, 305 fibers are represented in the dot plot. Median values are indicated by the red bars. Statistical differences between normal vs. control DMD (****P < 0.0001), control DMD, or hDPSC-DMD vs. IL-10-hDPSC-DMD (#P < 0.05, ####P < 0.0001) are indicated; ns, not significant, one-way ANOVA. e H&E staining of the gastrocnemius lateral head (GL), EDL, and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) muscle from 1-year-old control DMD, hDPSC-DMD, and IL-10-hDPSC-DMD dogs. Scale bar, 100 μm