Fig. 1From: H3K9ac of TGFβRI in human umbilical cord: a potential biomarker for evaluating cartilage differentiation and susceptibility to osteoarthritis via a two-step strategyPoor chondrogenic differentiation of WJ-MSCs from IUGR humans and subsequent increased susceptibility to an osteoarthritis-like phenotype induced by IL-1β. a A schematic of a two-step cell culture model for evaluating chondrogenic differentiation and susceptibility to an osteoarthritis-like phenotype. b Safranin-O and Alcian blue staining for glycosaminoglycan in WJ-MSCs after chondrogenic differentiation for 21 days and IL-1β treatment for 1 day in the control and IUGR groups. c, d Relative quantification of Safranin-O and Alcian blue staining, n = 5. e, f RT-qPCR analysis of COL2A1, ACAN, MMP3, MMP13, and ADAMTS5 expression in WJ-MSCs after chondrogenic differentiation and IL-1β treatment in the control and IUGR groups, n = 5. WJ-MSCs, Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells; IUGR, intrauterine growth retardation; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; CM, chondrogenic medium; TGFβ1, transforming growth factor β1; RT-qPCR, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction; COL2A1, α1 chain of type II collagen; ACAN, aggrecan; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; ADAMTS5, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-5. Data are the mean ± S.E.M. **P < 0.01 vs controlBack to article page