Fig. 3

iNSCs differentiate into mature neurons. a Representative images of differentiation at different stages. b–d Immunofluorescence staining of differentiated neurons derived from iNSCs for mature cortical neuronal markers (TUJ1, MAP2), glial markers (GFAP). Nuclei stained with DAPI. e Representative traces of Na⁺-k⁺-Ca²⁺ currents, the neurons expressed strong currents. f The result shows the voltage-gated sodium currents, indicated by the arrow, recorded following depolarizing voltage steps (− 80 to 60 mV, n = 5). g Action potentials (AP) evoked in response to step current respectively (− 20 to 50 pA, n = 3). Scale bar: 100 μm (a); 50 μm (b–d)