Fig. 4

Effect of MSC-Exo on inflammation and macrophage polarization in OVA/CFA-induced SSRA in mice. a–d The result of ELISA about protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 of supernatant from lung tissues. e–h qRT-PCR results about mRNA level of cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10 from lung tissues. i–l qRT-PCR results about mRNA level of M1 markers iNOS, CD86, and M2 marker Arg1 and CD206 from lung tissues. m Western blot and quantification results of iNOS and Arg1 in lung. β-actin was used as internal reference. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3) (^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 vs. the control group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. the OVA/CFA group)