Fig. 7

Effect of MSC-Exo on NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways was mediated by inhibition of TRAF1. a RAW 264.7 cells were treated with LPS for 12 h, followed by treatment with MSC-Exo for 24 h. The protein levels of p-p65, p65, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, and AKT were measured by Western blotting and quantified by ImageJ software. b After transfection with siRNA, macrophages were stimulated with LPS for 12 h, followed by treatment with MSC-Exo for 24 h. The protein levels of p-p65, p65, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, and AKT were measured by Western blotting and quantified by ImageJ software. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3) (^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 vs. the NC siRNA group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. the LPS+NC siRNA group). c After TRAF1 overexpression transfection, macrophages were stimulated with LPS for 12 h, followed by treatment with MSC-Exo for 24 h. The protein levels of p-p65, p65, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, and AKT were measured by Western blotting and quantified by ImageJ software. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3) (^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 vs. the vehicle group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. the vehicle+LPS group; ^&p < 0.05, ^&&p < 0.01, ^&&&p < 0.001 vs. the TRAF1 group)