Fig. 4

Mitochondrial permeability transition pore and cardiomyocyte development. During early development, the mPTP is open and increased ROS signaling facilitates cardiomyocyte differentiation. During later development, metabolic transitions trigger closure of the mPTP, which facilitates cardiomyocyte maturation. This is accompanied by an increase in the mitochondrial membrane potential and reduction in ROS, which also facilitate cardiomyocyte maturation. Abnormal opening of the mPTP can be triggered by elevated ROS, calcium, or glucose and can be seen in diseased states and may prevent cardiomyocyte maturation