Will mesenchymal stem cells be future directions for treating radiation-induced skin injury?

Table 1 Summary of the pros and cons of conventional treatments for RISI

Conventional treatments	Options	Pros	Cons	Reference
Systemic therapy	Antibiotics	Control and eliminate bacterial infection	Potential risk of antibiotic resistance occurrence	[38,39,40]
	Water-electrolyte balance	Supplement of loss of water-electrolyte by wounds	Cardiopulmonary load by excessive rehydration	[39, 41]
	Nutritional support	Reduce autologous protein degradation and enhance immunity	Burden to kidney and liver	[40, 42]
Local treatment	Topical corticosteroids	Anti-inflammation, immunosuppression and anti-proliferation	Decrease histamine and deplete mast cells on skin	[41, 43]
	Creams and ointments	Anti-inflammatory and promote macrophages recruitment	Less effective in managing patient-reported symptoms	[44, 45]
	Hydrogel dressings	Induce healing time, reduce pain and infection	Less frequent occurrence of severe skin reactions	[46, 47]
	Hyperbaric oxygen therapy	Increase the oxygen supply, inhibit inflammatory reaction, and reduce exudation	Arterial insufficiency, refractory osteomyelitis and bone necrosis	[48, 49]
	Superoxide dismutase	Antioxidant enzymes for scavenging free radicals	Not mentioned	[50, 51]
	Low-intensity laser	Reduction of edema and analgesia induction	Not mentioned	[50, 52]

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