Fig. 5
Improved senescent state of fibroblasts in aging skin by CS-EVs. a Representative time-dependent in vivo fluorescence images of DiI-labeled EVs and CS-EVs following local injection in mouse dorsal skin. b Quantitative analysis of DiI signals of EVs in senescent murine dorsal skin at different points. The signal activity was represented by photons/s/cm2/steradian (n = 3; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs EVs). c Detection of fibroblast β-galactosidase activity in natural aging mouse skin. Scale bar, 50 μm. d The quantification of SA-β-gal-positive cells. e Representative images of vimentin (fibroblast biomarker) staining showed the cell proliferation treated with EVs or CS-EVs on day 21. Scale bar, 150 μm. f The quantification of vimentin-positive cell percentage. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs Con; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 vs EVs)