Fig. 3From: Mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular vesicles in therapy against kidney diseasesFunctional pathways of MSC-EVs in DN. MSC-EVs are able to protect podocytes and other cells by diverse means, including anti-apoptosis, anti-fibrosis, and pro-autophagic effects, thus treating DN. MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells; EVs, extracellular vesicles; DN, diabetic nephropathyBack to article page