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Fig. 1 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 1

From: Clinical-grade human dental pulp stem cells suppressed the activation of osteoarthritic macrophages and attenuated cartilaginous damage in a rabbit osteoarthritis model

Fig. 1

hDPSCs suppressed osteoarthritic macrophage activation in directly coculture system in vitro. hDPSCs suppressed the pseudopodia formation and reduced lysosomes in osteoarthritic macrophages (a). In addition, hDPSC-educated osteoarthritic macrophages exhibited decreased CD11b and CD86 but increased CD206 expression in a hDPSC dose-dependent way (b, c). Blue curve represents unstained cells used as control. Furthermore, hDPSCs significantly suppressed the mRNA expression and protein secretion of IL-12b and TNF-α and increased the expression of IL-10 in osteoarthritic macrophages (mRNA expression in d and protein secretion in e). Moreover, hDPSCs downregulated the expression of inflammatory molecule CD11b+CD68+ in osteoarthritic macrophages in vitro (f and g), indicated the hDPSCs decreased the number of CD11b+CD68+ osteoarthritic macrophages. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001. Bars in a upper row, a lower row, and f represent 200μm, 20μm, and 200μm, respectively. hDPSCs, human dental pulp stem cells; IL-12b, interleukin 12; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α; IL-10, interleukin 10

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512