Fig. 1

Quality control on hAMSCs. a The expression of MSC-specific surface makers were analyzed by flow cytometry to identify hAMSCs. Cells expressed high levels (> 95%) of CD73, CD44, CD105, and CD90, were negative, or expressed very low levels (< 2%) of CD11b, CD19, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DP/DQ/DR. b Cultured hAMSCs exhibited typical fibroblastic morphology (I) and could differentiate into adipocytes (II), osteoblasts (III), and chondrocytes (IV). c Concentration of secreting cytokines were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in the cell culture supernatant (SP) and complete cell culture media (CM). Significant high concentrations of IL-6, FGF7, and ANG-1 were detected in culture supernatant (SP). d hAMSCs viability, bacteria contamination, and mycoplasma infection were tested by living cell counting, endotoxin detection, and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. hAMSCs showed a high viability (96.6 ± 0.6%), negative bacteria contamination and mycoplasma infection. Experiments were repeated at least for 3 times. Error bars indicate SEM. Different lowercase letters represent the significantly statistical differences (P < 0.05)