Fig. 3

Effects of hAMSCs-CM on HFD-induced alterations of energy expenditure in mice and lipid accumulation of liver in mice. a–d Mice were placed into the metabolic chambers for more than 24 h before measuring metabolic parameters. The energy expenditure was evaluated by measuring the carbon dioxide release (VCO₂, a) oxygen consumption (VO₂, b), and water (c) and food (d) intake in mice fed with HFD and normal diet with or without hAMSCs-CM treatment. e The images of livers were taken in the control group (left), SFD group (medium), and hAMSCs-CM group (right), and the weights of liver tissues were quantitatively analyzed (bottom). f The effects of hAMSCs-CM on HFD-induced lipid accumulation, alterations of morphology, and the glucagon production were determined by Oil Red staining, HE staining, and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining in liver tissues (scale bars, 200 μm). g Effects of hAMSCs-CM on HFD-induced the increases of TC and TG contents were determined in liver tissues. Data represent as means ± SD. N = 5~6, *p< 0.05; **p< 0.01, ***p< 0.001