Fig. 7

Liver regeneration with AM-MSC-derived HPCs in vivo. a Schematic summary of the acute liver failure mice model. CTX was injected intraperitoneally 24 h after TAA injection, and blood was collected 24 h later. b Levels of ALT and AST-GOT in NT, TAA, and TAA + CTX treated group’s serum. n = 4 for NT; n = 4 for the TAA group; n = 5 for the TAA + CTX group. NT: non-treated groups c Suzuki scores of hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining in NT, TAA, and TAA + CTX treated groups. d Schematic summary of transplantation into acute liver failure-inducted NOD-SCID IL2Rgammanull (NSG) mice. e Representative immunohistochemistry (IHC) images of human albumin in the mouse liver. The transplanted cells were AM-MSCs and AM-HPCs with differentiation days 11, 12, and 13. Scale bar = 50 μm. f Number of human albumin-positive cells per area in Fig. 6e. n.d.: non-detected. (n = 4). g GFP-positive transplanted cells. GFP was continuously expressed in AM-HPCs. Scale bar = 200 μm. h H&E staining, and human albumin level by immunohistochemistry in mouse liver 3 weeks after transplantation. Scale bar = 50 μm. i Confocal images of immunofluorescence staining for human albumin (red) with GFP (green). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 200 μm j Detection of human mitochondrial DNA in the mouse liver. Left, DNA gel image. Right, Measurement of transplant efficiency using quantitative PCR with mouse and human mtDNA calibration curve. GAPDH was used as an internal control. PC, human positive control; NC, negative control. k Human mtDNA Sanger sequencing in AM-HPCs and mouse liver. P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001