Fig. 5

Effects of MSC-EVs on gene expression in chondrocytes and synovial MSCs. A Volcano plot showing transcriptome/RNA sequencing data for chondrocytes cultured with and without MSC-EVs for 24 h (n = 4). Red dots represent upregulated DEGs, and blue dots represent downregulated DEGs. B Venn diagram of DEGs in chondrocytes and synovial MSCs. Genes common to both are listed in the table. C Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Bars represent Q, and lines represent candidate gene numbers. D Protein-protein interaction on “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction” and “neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction” gene sets. Symbols for genes composing major clusters are shown in the table